Early church history

The question of where the different denominations come for has come to my attention.
It is obvious that starting in the book of Acts and continuing into the books that follow Acts we began to see the rise of the early New Testament Church. After that we must go to other historical documents to understand what happened. To the best of my understanding through the first several centuries remained unified as one body under Christ. There were bishops that handled the affairs of the different regions. They were located in most of the major cites(Jerusalem, Antioch, Alexandria, Ephesus, and Rome). Prior to the sixth century all of the bishops carried equal oversight. The churches in Jerusalem and Ephesus began to lose influence. One reason is because of the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D.. At the start of the sixth century and beginning with the bishop at Rome (Gregory the Great) who was recognized as chief among his peers. We then begin to see the start of the Roman Catholic Church and its formation was complete by the end of the sixth century. The eastern churches that remained from this influence became known as the orthodox church. This church was lead by the bishop of the eastern capital of Rome in Constantinople. This brings us to the rise of the Protestant Church, that began it's rise out of the Roman Catholic Church with the Reformation in the 16th Century by Martin Luther. The Reformation emphasized Scripture over tradition as the foundation for church doctrine. This is the foundation for the first 3 denominations. It should be noted that the church government we have today came out of one of these.